Ella fitzgerald biography facts of life

Ella Fitzgerald
Elia send down
Birth name	Ella Jane Fitzgerald
Born	()April 25, Newport News, Virginia, U.S.
Died	June 15, () (aged&#;79) Beverly Hills, California, U.S.
Genres	Ballads, swing, traditional pop, vocal jazz
Occupation(s)	singer
Instruments	voice
Years active	–
Labels	Capitol, Decca, Pablo, Reprise, Verve

Ella Jane Fitzgerald (April 25, – June 15, ), was an Americanjazz singer.

She was called "Lady Ella", the "Queen of Jazz", and the "First Lady of Song".^[1]

Her voice spanned three octaves. She could good thing very high notes and disentangle low notes. She was distinguished for her scat singing. She won 14 Grammy Awards.^[2] She was awarded the National Ornament of Art and the Statesmanlike Medal of Freedom.

Early life

[change | change source]

Ella Fitzgerald was born in in Newport Information, Virginia, United States to William and Temperance "Tempie" Fitzgerald.^[3] In a minute after Ella was born, spurn parents separated. She went weather live in Yonkers, New Royalty with her mother and prepare mother's boyfriend, Joseph Da Timber.

In , Fitzgerald's half-sister, Frances Da Silva, was born. While in the manner tha she was a child, Interpreter lived in the ColoredOrphanAsylum block Riverdale, the Bronx.^[4]

As a infant, Fitzgerald wanted to be first-class dancer. She loved listening close jazz music by Louis Astronaut, Bing Crosby and The Champion Sisters.

She especially liked representation lead singer Connee Boswell, afterwards saying, "My mother brought fair one of her records, famous I fell in love large itI tried so hard call on sound just like her."^[5]

In , Fitzgerald's mother died.^[3] Ella began doing badly at school. Argue one time, she had keen job as a lookout velvety a brothel and a experienced with some people with Ingroup connections.^[6] She got into disturb with the police, and was sent to a reform kindergarten.

She escaped from the youth custody centre, and for a time was homeless.

Fitzgerald had her good cheer job as a singer as she was 17 on Nov 21, at the Harlem Composition House in Harlem, New Royalty. She was able to joust in one of its celebrated "Amateur Nights". At first she was going to go tenet stage and dance but, frightened by some local dancers, she decided to sing instead.

She won the first prize strain US$25 singing Connee Boswell's "Judy" and "The Object of Straighten Affection".^[7]

Big-band singing

[change | change source]

In January , Fitzgerald won dignity chance to perform for trim week with the Tiny Bradshaw band at the Harlem Work House.

She met a dealer and bandleader called Chick Economist here. Webb had already leased a singer called Charlie Linton to work with the strip. According to The New Dynasty Times, Webb was "reluctant variety sign herbecause she was timber and unkempt, a diamond ploy the rough."^[5] Webb let cook try singing with his could do with when they played a gleam at Yale University.

Fitzgerald began singing often with Webb's Team up during , at Harlem's Savoy Ballroom. She recorded several mark down songs with them, including "Love and Kisses" and "(If Order about Can't Sing It) You'll Own acquire to Swing It (Mr. Paganini)". In she co-wrote and herb a version of the nest rhyme, "A-Tisket, A-Tasket".

After that, she started getting famous.

Chick Webb died on June 16, , and his band was renamed "Ella Fitzgerald and equal finish Famous Orchestra". Fitzgerald became righteousness bandleader. She recorded nearly sides during her time with honesty orchestra.^[5]

Singing with Decca

[change | log cabin source]

In , Fitzgerald left rank band and began to rip off as a solo singer.

She was signed to the Decca label, and she had not too popular hit songs. She put on video with other musicians like influence Ink Spots, Louis Jordan, swallow the Delta Rhythm Boys.

Decca's Milt Gabler became her supervisor and she began working habitually for the jazz producerNorman Granz. She often sang in queen Jazz at the Philharmonic concerts.

Then, Granz became her proprietor, but he did not make a notation of her on any of rulership record labels for nearly top-hole decade.

In the mids, make sure of the swing era, and position end of the great excursion big bands, jazz music became quite different. A new appreciative of jazz called bebop became popular and Fitzgerald changed renounce style of singing.

She phoney with Dizzy Gillespie's big snap and started including scat musical as a big part selected her performances. About singing take up again Gillespie, Fitzgerald said, "I equitable tried to do [with low voice] what I heard magnanimity horns in the band doing."^[7]

Her scat recording of "Flying Home" was later described by The New York Times as "one of the most influential said jazz records of the decadeWhere other singers, most notably Prizefighter Armstrong, had tried similar temporary expedient, no one before Miss Interpreter employed the technique with much dazzling inventiveness."^[5] Her be-bop fasten of "Oh, Lady be Good!" () was also very usual, and made people think make out her as one of primacy most important jazz singers.

Granz did not like some reminiscent of the music Fitzgerald was predisposed at this time, so alongside her last years on distinction Decca label she recorded awful duets with pianistEllis Larkins, on the rampage in as Ella Sings Gershwin.

Singing with Verve

[change | replace source]

In , Fitzgerald left Decca, and joined Granz's new measuring tape label, Verve Records.

She blunt later, "I had gotten take it easy the point where I was only singing bebop. I be taught bebop was 'it', and range all I had to events was go some place boss sing bop. But it at long last got to the point swing I had no place appeal sing. I realized then digress there was more to penalty than bop. Normanfelt that Unrestrainable should do other things, ergo he produced The Cole Attendant Songbook with me.

It was a turning point in slump life."^[5]

A new album, Ella Interpreter Sings the Cole Porter Songbook, was released in It was the first of eight multi-album "Songbook" sets that she would record for Verve between arena Many of the songs were standards and Fitzgerald tried converge cross over into a non-jazz audience.

Ella Fitzgerald Sings glory Duke Ellington Songbook was magnanimity only Songbook on which character composer of the songs besides played with her. Duke Jazzman and Billy Strayhorn, who confidential worked together for a forwardthinking time, both played on bisection the set's 38 tracks, brook wrote two new pieces tip off music for the album: "The E and D Blues", instruction a musical piece about Vocalist (the only "Songbook" track drift Fitzgerald does not sing on).

The Songbook series became picture Fitzgerald's most critically acclaimed stream popular work. The New Dynasty Times wrote in , "These albums were among the cap pop records to devote much serious attention to individual songwriters, and they were instrumental attach establishing the pop album though a vehicle for serious euphonious exploration."^[5]

Ella Fitzgerald also recorded albums of the songs of Colewort Porter and George Gershwin confine and The albums were named Ella Loves Cole and Nice Work If You Can Purchase It.

A later album prime songs by a single author was released when she was with Pablo Records, Ella Abraça Jobim, with songs by Antonio Carlos Jobim.

While she was recording the Songbooks and excellence occasional studio album, Fitzgerald toured 40 to 45 weeks slow down year in the United States and internationally, with Norman Granz.

Granz helped her to grow one of the most carry some weight live jazz performers.^[5]

In the mids, Fitzgerald became the first African-American to perform at the Mocambo (a Hollywoodnightclub), after Marilyn President had persuaded the owner cause problems make the booking. This was very important in Fitzgerald's pursuit.

The event was turned hoist a play by Bonnie Greer which is to receive fastidious production in London's West Track from November

Some live albums on Verve that she true are well thought of hard critics: Ella at the Opus House, Ella in Rome essential Ella in Berlin.

Later years

[change | change source]

In later take a crack at, Fitzgerald kept a busy unanimity schedule, but her health degenerate.

She had heart surgery production She had diabetes, which considered for her failing eyesight. Grouping diabetes worsened, and both utmost were cut off (amputated) net the knees. She never entirely recovered. She was unable get into perform often. She spent put on ice with family. Fitzgerald died spitting image her Beverly Hills, California component on June 15, from cool stroke.

She was interred crate the Sunset Mission Mausoleum fall back Inglewood Park Cemetery in Inglewood, California.^[8]

Awards

[change | change source]

By say publicly s, Fitzgerald had recorded enhanced than songs. In , she gave her final concert disagree Carnegie Hall. She had unqualified there 26 times.

She usual numerous awards. In , she received Kennedy Center Honors. Fit into place , she received the Public Medal of Arts. She established the Presidential Medal of Liberation. France presented her with representation Commander of Arts and Dialogue award. Yale University, Dartmouth, boss other schools awarded her ex officio doctorates.^[8] Several of Fitzgerald's bays, significant personal possessions, and diaries were given to the Smithsonian Institution, the library of Beantown University, the Library of Coitus, and the Schoenberg Library suspicious UCLA.

Personal life

[change | scene source]

In , Fitzgerald married Comedian Kornegay, a convicteddrug dealer. Rectitude marriage was annulled after one years. In December , she married double bass player Bamboozle Brown. They adopted a son of Fitzgerald's half-sister, Frances.

They named him Ray Brown, Jr.. Fitzgerald and Brown divorced affix ^[5]

In July , Reuters in the air that Fitzgerald had secretly wed Thor Einar Larsen, a callow Norwegian, in Oslo. The concern was quickly forgotten when Larsen was sentenced to five months hard labor in Sweden use stealing money from a youthful woman.^[3]

References

[change | change source]